Vaporizer



@eeno H8, 1923.

M. O. SMITH VAPORIZER Filed Jan. 26. 1920 2 Sheets-SheeiI l I Patented Dec. 1, i923.

' 1,477,724 PATENT FFHIO MAURICE 0. SMITH, 0F ST. LO'UKS, MISSOURI. l

VAJPOBIZJER.

Application` nled January 26, 1920. Serial No. 354,150.

To all fwwm it may concern.'

Be it known that I, MAURICE 0. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vaporizers, of which the following is a specicatio'ncontaining a full, clear and exact description, reference being had to the accompanylng drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to improvements in vaporizers, and has for its primary object a vaporizer' especially adapted for internal combustion engines, whereby a heavy oil can be vaporized and used as a combustion agent.

A further object is to construct a device in which the intake and exhaust manifolds are combined in one casting with the additional provision that the direction of the exhaust gases can be controlled.

In the drawings Fig. l is a side elevation of my device;

lfig. 2 a longitudinal cross section;

Fig. 3 a vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 a perspective view of the valve made use of for controlling the flow of exhaust; and

Fig. 5 a cross sectional view taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2.

In carrying out my invention, l employ I the manifold 6, this manifold being provided with the exhaust openings 7 and the intake openings 8. The intake openings 8 are connected together by a passage 9 w ich opens into a cup or bowl 10, this cup 10 being connected to the carbureter of an internal combustion engine by means ofthe pipe 11.

Opening into the passageway 9 is secured a priming valve 12, the object of this is to permit the introduction of gasoline into the cup or bowl 10 0r in other words prime the engine. The manifold 6 is closed at one portion by the plate 13 so as to expose the cup 10. My object in exposing this cup is that when any carbon is lodged on the cup the same can be either burnt oi or removed by scraping.

The intake manifold is partially surrounded -by the exhaust manifold as is also the cup 10. My object in combining the intake and exhaust is so that the fuel mixture from the carbureter is super-heated before being taken into the cylinder. In this Way the explosion takes place more rapidly than if cold gas were admitted, in fact have found it possible to operate a machine with my vaporizer on ordinary coal oil and filtered crude oil, that is, crude oil from which the sediment has been removed.

The port 7a which is one of the exhaust ports is partially closed bv the valve 14, this valve having a tapered surface 15, a rectangular projection 16 and an additional projection 17, the projection 17 being adapted to close the How of exhaust or regulate it so that all of the exhaust will have to pass in one direction only, or to allow it to pass in two directions. 1n Fig. 2 this valve is shown as directing the exhaust completely around so that none can escape into the muffler Without first passing by the cup. This valve, however, can be so regulated as to leave the upper passage 18 open, and thus divert a certain amount of exhaust directly into the muiier without,l passing around the cup.

On the face of the valve la l provide a series of notches so that the o erator of the machine is able to tell what er the valve is open full, half way or closed, and after the valve has been set in the desired position the same is clamped against rotation or accidental movement by means ofthe arms 19 which are secured to the machine or engine, this being common practice in all internal combustion engines used for motor vehicles for securing the manifold to the en ne.

he purpose/of the bowl-shaped enlargement 10 is to form a reservoir in which the mixture drawn from the carburetor has time to rest and become thoroughly heated and vaporized before being drawn into the cylinders of the engine, in this Way a highly explosive dry gas is formed, which will give a great deal more power than where a moist gas, that is, a mixture which has not been thoroughly vaporized has been drawn into the cylinder. This moist mixture. is what is delivered to the cylinders bythe ordinary carburetor, and it lodges on" the cylinder walls, mixes with the lubricating oil and thins it down, as Well as burning slowly on the cylinder walls and causing a carbon deposit. By allowing the mixture to remain in the enlargement 10, which acts as a reservoir since it contains a great deal more mixture than 4is required for the cylinders, perfect vaporization of `the mixture takes iold. If air is admitted through this cup,

or valve it is obvious that additional oxygen will be added to the fuel and thereby increase its eiliciency.

Having` fully described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A vaporizer for internal combustion .engines comprising a combined intake and exhaust manifold, the exhaust portion of the manifold havin upper and lower passages connected to eac other at each end, an enlargement formed in the lower passage approximately at its middle, the intake portion of the manifold being formed integral with the exhaust portion and lying almost wholly within the lower passage, a bowlshaped enlargement formed integral with the intake portion and lying within the enlargement formed in the exhaust portion, an elbow formed integral with said bowlshaped enlargement and extending beyond the exhaust portion of the manifold and adapted to having a carbureter attached thereto, a screw threaded outlet formed on one end of the exhaust portion, said outlet normally communicating with both upper and lower passages, a valve located in the upper passage adjacent the outlet for regulating the flow of gases ythrough the exhaust portion of the manifeld, means for holding said valve in set position, exhaust and intake ports formed in the manifold for communieating with the exhaust and intake ports of an internal combustion engine, means whereby the bowl-shaped enlargement ofthe intake portion may be opened to the atmosphere for the introduction of air directly into the intake portion of the manifold, and means whereby the enlargement of the exhaust portion of the manifold can'be opene for cleaning purposes.

2. A vaporizer for. internal combustion engines comprising a combined intake and exhaust manifold integrally formed, the exhaust portion of the manifold having upper and lower passa' es connected together at each end, an en argement formed in the \lower passage of the exhaust manifold midway its ends, an intake portion formed integral .with the exhaust portion and lying almost wholly within the lower passage, a bowl-shaped -enlargement formed integral with said intake portion and lying within the enlargement formed in the lower passage so that said upper and lower exhaust passages will be of approximately the same area thus preventing back pressure, an elbow formed integral with the bowl-shaped enlargement and extending below the inanifold, said elbow provided with a flange for the attachment of a carbureter, a screw threaded outlet formed at one end of the manifold for receiving an exhaust pipe, an adjustable valve located in the upper exhaust passage adjacent the outlet for controlling the passage of gases through said upper and lower passages, means for holding the valve in set position, ports formed integral with the exhaust and intake passages, said ports adapted to correspond with the exhaust and intake ports of an internal combustion engine, a valve controlled means for permitting the introduction of air into the bowl-shaped enlargement of the intake portion, and means for securing said manifold to an internal combustion engine. j

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

MAURICE O. SMITH. 

